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Introduction

Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in the north West ofEngland. Liverpool is one of England's core cities, situated along theeastern side of the Mersey Estuary, with the city centre located about5 miles inland from the Irish Sea. Liverpool has a varied topographybeing built across a ridge of hills rising up to a height of around 70metres above sea-level at Everton Hill.

History

In 1190 the place was known as 'Liuerpul', meaning a pool or creek withmuddy water. Other origins of the name have been suggested, including'elverpool', a reference to the large number of eels in the Mersey. Theorigins of the city date back from August 1207 when patent letters wereissued by King John advertising the establishment of a the new boroughof Liverpool, and inviting settlers to come and take up holdings. Inthe 18th century, as trade from the West Indies grew on top of thatfrom Ireland and europe, Liverpool began to grow.

The first wet dock in Britain was built in Liverpool in 1715. Liverpoolexpanded significantly in the 19th century and a number of majorbuildings were constructed. In the 1960s Liverpool became a centre ofyouth culture. The city produced the distinctive Merseybeat sound, and,most famously, The Beatles. In recent years, the city has emphasisedits cultural attractions, winning the accolade of European City ofCulture for 2008.

Place of interest

The infrastructure of Liverpool contains over 2,500 listed buildings.It is the inheritance of high-minded public spirit since the later 18thcentury, largely with Dissenter impetus, that has resulted in morepublic sculptures created than in any UK city besides Westminster inLondon.

The Anglican Cathedral has the longest nave, largest organ and heaviestand highest peal of bells in the world.

Architects well represented in Liverpool:

Giles Gilbert Scott,
Peter Ellis,
Harvey Lonsdale Elmes, and
John Foster

Sir Edwin Lutyens is represented by the completed crypt of hisprojected Metropolitan Cathedral, which was built to a simpler designby Frederick Gibberd.

Some of the famous places to visit are:

Albert Dock
Bluecoat Arts Centre
Cast Iron Shore
Cunard Building
Lime Street station
Royal Liver Building
Oriel Chambers design by Peter Ellis.
The Philharmonic Dining Rooms
Pier head
Quiggins
St Georges hall
The Beatles story
Town-hall
Williamson's tunnels

Museums & Art Galleries

Liverpool has some greatest museum and art galleries. BluecoatArts Centre, Merseyside Maritime Museum, Museum of Liverpool life, theBeatles story, and Walker Art gallery are some of them. Besides museumand art galleries Liverpool possesses some famous theatres. Theyrepresent Liverpool and its culture, and also a good tourist attractionin Liverpool. Among all the theaters Empire, Everyman, Neptune,Philharmonic hall, The Playhouse, Royal Court, Unity are big names tomention about.

Shopping

Pedestrian shopping areas with boutiques, specialty shops, anddepartment stores include Church Street, Lord Street, Bold Street,Whitechapel, and Paradise Street. On the river, Albert Dock also housesa collection of small shops. For shopping centers Cavern Walks onMathew Street, the heart of Beatleland, or Quiggins Centre.

To buy that special piece of Beatles memorabilia, wander through theBeatles Shop, or the Heritage Shop.
For a huge selection of british crafts, famous places are BluecoatDisplay Centre, with its gallery of metal, ceramics, glass, jewelry,and wood pieces by some 350 british craftspeople.

Frank Greens is where one can find prints by this famous local artistwho has been capturing the Liverpool scene on canvas since the 1960s.These art works includes city secular buildings, churches, and streetlife.

Food & Drink

For such a world-famous city, Liverpool has yet to host a world-classrestaurant. Listed are the best non-hotel restaurants it has to offer:60 Hope St., Bar Italia, Far East, Shangri-La, Simply Heathcote's, TateCaf.

Education

Primary education is available in various forms supported by the stateincluding Secular, Church of england, Islamic, Jewish and RomanCatholic. Currently no specific Islamic secondary education is provided.

Liverpool has three universities:

The University of Liverpool
Liverpool John Moores University
Liverpool Hope University

It also has a university college, Edge Hill college of HigherEducation. Liverpool John Moores University is one of the polytechnicsgiven university status in 1992 and is named after the owner of theLittlewoods retail group. The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine wasfounded to address some of the problems created by trade; today itcontinues as a post graduate school and is one of only two institutionson world that house the de facto standard anti-venom repository.

The Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts, which was set up by SirPaul McCartney in 1996, is famous for training the artistes andtechnicians.

sports

In sporting terms, it boasts two internationally known football clubs,Everton F.C. and Liverpool FC. Liverpool football Club (often knownsimply as Liverpool), an English football club based in the north-Westof england, are the current champions of europe (2004-2005) and themost successful English football team.
Liverpool has won five European Cups, and 18 football League titles ontop of being the English club to have won the most number of UEFA Cups,European Supercups and English League Cups.

Liverpool football club is not to be confused with Liverpool (Rugby)Football club, which was formed in 1858 and is now known as LiverpoolSt. Helens.

Hotels & Accommodation

The dedicated team at SleepUK can assist and advise on all yourLiverpool hotel requirements. Online and offline access to Liverpoolsaccommodation network ensures travelers will be offered the bestpossible deal at the time of your visit whether you require luxuryhotels in Liverpool or budget hotels in Liverpool.

Hotels in all categories are opening in Liverpool all the time,reflecting the citys renewed prosperity and popularity as ashort-break destination.

Or travelers may choose one of the fine hotels in Wirral, theattractive peninsula between the River Mersey and the River Dee. Aswell as some fine hotels, Wirral also boast large areas of NationalTrust land, country parks and spectacular coastal scenery. To the northof Liverpool, in the graceful resort of Southport, famed for thesplendour of its Victorian shopping arcades and promenade, theres agreat choice of hotels to suit every visitor.

Accommodation in the area frequently sells out so be sure to guaranteeyour stay by booking online today. Some other hotels, listed here, varyfrom affordable to luxury hotels -Hanover Hotel, Park Lodge, The SuitesHotel, Regent Maritime Hotel,The Dolby Hotel,Radisson SASLiverpool, HopeStreet Hotel,AachenHotel, CampanileHotel Liverpool, TheFeathers Hotel, ThistleLiverpool, DaysServiced Apartments Liverpool, Liverpool City CentrePremier Travel Inn, The Sir Thomas Hotel,Throstles Nest Hotel.

Tours and Sightseeing

Organised tours in Liverpool have variety in their theme and accordingto the theme the contents also changes. The most widely chosen toursare based on sports or on The Beatles. These tours contains place ofinterests, famous buildings, museums etc. Cavern City Tours isthe most comprehensive tour operator in the city.

Transport

There are three tunnels under the River Mersey: one railway tunnel, theMersey Railway Tunnel, and two road tunnels, Queensway Tunnel andKingsway Tunnel. There is also the Mersey Ferry, made famous by thesong Ferry Cross the Mersey by Gerry and the Pacemakers. In fact thesong is now played on the ferryboats themselves every time they prepareto dock at Liverpool.

Speke Airport was renamed LiverpoolJohn Lennon Airport, in honour of the late Beatle John Lennon.

Liverpool has a train system called Merseyrail, the sections in thecity centre are mostly underground. The lines terminate at Southport,Ormskirk, Kirkby, Hunts Cross, Ellesmere Port, West Kirby, New Brightonand Chester.

Insight is the root of all this visible and invisible merit; hence to accomplish both, one must hold on to insight. It is the great science, the source of present nature, future purpose and liberation; hence with devotion from the outset, one must hold on to insight, the great mother

- Nagarjuna

the goal of buddhist Tantras is to achieve the three secrets of the buddha or more correctly to unify the secrets i.e. body, speech, and mind in one body called svabhavika kaya. It is stated in the very outset in the passage evam maya srutam.... of the buddhist tantras. The most profound and the most secret element regarding attainment of the highest, not only to the Vajrayana but also to the sutra Yana; as for as beliefs of Mahayana is concerned.

Metaphysically Five families which represent form, sensation, and conceptualization, imprint of past actions (samskara) and awareness of phenomena (vijnana) when merged they become three: body, speech, and mind. Through the unity of the body, speech and mind of the buddha in its completeness and in its utter purity, one attains six supernormal powers of the buddha. It is this power of the buddha which has to be sought through the various means, necessary far the well being of the world.

To fulfill a bodhisattva vow that one will resurrect each and every one from the wheel of life and death, the unity of the three secrets are most important since through these, one commands every one and leads them to the path. Secret body is necessary to tame the living beings; secret speech is required for teaching the truth, and secret mind is necessary for knowing all things as they are. According to manifestation of these three elements of the Buddhas one achieves the rank of bodhisattvas.

There are eleven stages of its manifestation of the three secrets of the Buddhas. According to buddhist tantras Vajrasattva is the supreme buddha known as Tantrik buddha in whom three secrets reside in completeness. From the three secrets arises the great reality of the five secrets, the very attribute of the Buddhas: 1-bodhichitta 2-understanding it 3-its realization 4- its non-abandonment 5- the knowledge characterized by attainment often represented by five goddesses in tantras.

These five goddesses are as follows Vajrasattva, ragavajra, vajrakilikil, vajrasmriti, vajrakamesvari respectively though many tantras exclude Vajrasattva and only consider four goddesses. Those bodhisattvas who have generated bodhichitta to its utmost limit possess the harem of the four queens i.e. goddesses. Mind of enlightenment has above said four qualities symbolically called lovers since they give pleasure.

In tantra practice the three secrets body, speech and mind is brought about in unity and perfection through mudra, mantra and Samadhi. Through the practice of mudra body is transformed in to vajra body, through mantra recitation speech is transformed in to vajra speech and in Samadhi mind is transformed in vajra mind. A Tantrik in his generation stage, intermediate state and completion stage unites these three in a systematic procedure. In these three stages of sadhana he refines the three through generating the emanation body, the enjoyment body and the truth body respectively.

Author is an art critic and writer of three books ' contemporizing Buddha', ' Hindu tantra Yoga' and 'Concerning The Spiritual In Art-an Indian modern art perspective'. He has been awarded with 'Lalit kala Academy Scholarship Award' for art criticism in 2005. Currently working on a book 'Buddhist tantra yoga'. He lives and works in Delhi India.